# Modified from Megatron-LM.
# Copyright (c) 2024, NVIDIA CORPORATION. All rights reserved.

# Parts of the code here are adapted from PyTorch
# repo: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch

import contextlib

import torch
from torch import _C
from torch.cuda import _lazy_call
from torch.cuda import device as device_ctx_manager
from torch.utils.checkpoint import detach_variable

import realhf.base.constants as constants
from realhf.impl.model.parallelism.tensor_parallel.utils import (
    divide,
    gather_split_1d_tensor,
    safely_set_viewless_tensor_data,
    set_tensor_model_parallel_attributes,
    split_tensor_into_1d_equal_chunks,
)

# Default name for the model parallel rng tracker.
_MODEL_PARALLEL_RNG_TRACKER_NAME = "model-parallel-rng"
_EXPERT_PARALLEL_RNG_TRACKER_NAME = "expert-parallel-rng"
_DATA_PARALLEL_RNG_TRACKER_NAME = "data-parallel-rng"


def _set_cuda_rng_state(new_state, device=-1):
    """Sets the random number generator state of the current GPU.

    Argumentss:
        new_state (torch.ByteTensor): The desired state
    This function is adapted from PyTorch repo (torch.cuda.set_rng_state)
    with a single change: the input state is not cloned. Cloning caused
    major performance issues for +4 GPU cases.
    """
    if hasattr(_C, "_cuda_setRNGState") and callable(_C._cuda_setRNGState):
        # older PyTorch
        def cb():
            with device_ctx_manager(device):
                _C._cuda_setRNGState(new_state)

    else:
        # newer PyTorch
        if device == -1:
            device = torch.device("cuda")
        elif isinstance(device, str):
            device = torch.device(device)
        elif isinstance(device, int):
            device = torch.device("cuda", device)

        def cb():
            idx = device.index
            if idx is None:
                idx = constants.current_device()
            default_generator = torch.cuda.default_generators[idx]
            default_generator.set_state(new_state)

    _lazy_call(cb)


def get_expert_parallel_rng_tracker_name():
    global _EXPERT_PARALLEL_RNG_TRACKER_NAME
    return _EXPERT_PARALLEL_RNG_TRACKER_NAME


def get_data_parallel_rng_tracker_name():
    global _DATA_PARALLEL_RNG_TRACKER_NAME
    return _DATA_PARALLEL_RNG_TRACKER_NAME


class CudaRNGStatesTracker:
    """Tracker for the cuda RNG states.

    Using the `add` method, a cuda rng state is initialized based on
    the input `seed` and is assigned to `name`. Later, by forking the
    rng state, we can perform operations and return to our starting
    cuda state.
    """

    def __init__(self):
        # Map from a string name to the cuda rng state.
        self.states_ = {}
        # Seeds are just for book keeping and ensure no seed is set twice.
        self.seeds_ = set()

    def reset(self):
        """Set to the initial state (no tracker)."""
        self.states_ = {}
        self.seeds_ = set()

    def get_states(self):
        """Get rng states.

        Copy the dictionary so we have direct pointers to the states,
        not just a pointer to the dictionary.
        """
        states = {}
        for name in self.states_:
            states[name] = self.states_[name]
        return states

    def set_states(self, states):
        """Set the rng states.

        For efficiency purposes, we do not check the size of seed for
        compatibility.
        """
        self.states_ = states

    def add(self, name, seed):
        """Track the rng state."""
        # Check seed is not already used.
        if seed in self.seeds_:
            raise Exception("seed {} already exists".format(seed))
        self.seeds_.add(seed)
        # Check that state is not already defined.
        if name in self.states_:
            raise Exception("cuda rng state {} already exists".format(name))
        # Get the current rng state.
        orig_rng_state = torch.cuda.get_rng_state()
        # Set the new state and store it.
        torch.cuda.manual_seed(seed)
        self.states_[name] = torch.cuda.get_rng_state()
        # Reset rng state to what it was.
        _set_cuda_rng_state(orig_rng_state)

    @contextlib.contextmanager
    def fork(self, name=_MODEL_PARALLEL_RNG_TRACKER_NAME):
        """Fork the cuda rng state, perform operations, and exit with the
        original state."""
        # Check if we have added the state
        if name not in self.states_:
            raise Exception("cuda rng state {} is not added".format(name))
        # Store current rng state.
        orig_cuda_rng_state = torch.cuda.get_rng_state()
        # Set rng state to the desired one
        _set_cuda_rng_state(self.states_[name])
        # Do the stuff we wanted to do.
        try:
            yield
        finally:
            # Update the current rng state for later use.
            self.states_[name] = torch.cuda.get_rng_state()
            # And set the state to the original state we started with.
            _set_cuda_rng_state(orig_cuda_rng_state)


# RNG tracker object.
_CUDA_RNG_STATE_TRACKER = CudaRNGStatesTracker()


def get_cuda_rng_tracker():
    """Get cuda rng tracker."""
    return _CUDA_RNG_STATE_TRACKER


def model_parallel_cuda_manual_seed(seed):
    """Initialize model parallel cuda seed.

    This function should be called after the model parallel is
    initialized. Also, no torch.cuda.manual_seed should be called
    after this function. Basically, this is replacement for that
    function.
    Two set of RNG states are tracked:
    default state: This is for data parallelism and is the same among a set of model parallel GPUs but different across different model paralle groups. This is used for example for dropout in the non-tensor-model-parallel regions.
    tensor-model-parallel state: This state is different among a set of model parallel GPUs, but the same across data parallel groups. This is used for example for dropout in model parallel regions.
    """
    # 2718 is just for fun and any POSITIVE value will work.
    tensor_parallel_rank = constants.tensor_parallel_rank()
    expert_parallel_rank = 0
    offset = seed + 2718
    tensor_model_parallel_seed = offset + tensor_parallel_rank
    # Data parallel gets the original seed.
    data_parallel_seed = seed

    _CUDA_RNG_STATE_TRACKER.reset()
    # Set the default state.
    torch.cuda.manual_seed(data_parallel_seed)
    _CUDA_RNG_STATE_TRACKER.add(_DATA_PARALLEL_RNG_TRACKER_NAME, data_parallel_seed)

    # and model parallel state.
    _CUDA_RNG_STATE_TRACKER.add(
        _MODEL_PARALLEL_RNG_TRACKER_NAME, tensor_model_parallel_seed
    )

    expert_parallel_seed = (
        seed + 1024 + 100 * expert_parallel_rank + tensor_parallel_rank
    )
    _CUDA_RNG_STATE_TRACKER.add(_EXPERT_PARALLEL_RNG_TRACKER_NAME, expert_parallel_seed)


class CheckpointFunction(torch.autograd.Function):
    """Checkpoint Function.

    This function is adapted from torch.utils.checkpoint with two main changes:
    1) torch.cuda.set_rng_state is replaced with `_set_cuda_rng_state`
    2) the states in the model parallel tracker are also properly tracked/set/reset.
    """

    @staticmethod
    def forward(ctx, run_function, distribute_saved_activations, *args):
        ctx.run_function = run_function
        ctx.distribute_saved_activations = distribute_saved_activations

        # Copy the rng states.
        ctx.fwd_cpu_rng_state = torch.get_rng_state()
        ctx.fwd_cuda_rng_state = torch.cuda.get_rng_state()
        ctx.fwd_cuda_rng_state_tracker = get_cuda_rng_tracker().get_states()

        with torch.no_grad():
            outputs = run_function(*args)

        # Divide hidden states across model parallel group and only keep
        # the chunk corresponding to the current rank.
        if distribute_saved_activations:
            ctx.input_0_shape = args[0].data.shape
            safely_set_viewless_tensor_data(
                args[0],
                split_tensor_into_1d_equal_chunks(args[0].data, new_buffer=True),
            )

        # Store everything.
        ctx.save_for_backward(*args)

        return outputs

    @staticmethod
    def backward(ctx, *args):
        if not torch.autograd._is_checkpoint_valid():
            raise RuntimeError(
                "Checkpointing is not compatible with .grad(), "
                "please use .backward() if possible"
            )
        inputs = ctx.saved_tensors
        if ctx.distribute_saved_activations:
            safely_set_viewless_tensor_data(
                inputs[0],
                gather_split_1d_tensor(inputs[0].data).view(ctx.input_0_shape),
            )

        # Store the current states.
        bwd_cpu_rng_state = torch.get_rng_state()
        bwd_cuda_rng_state = torch.cuda.get_rng_state()
        bwd_cuda_rng_state_tracker = get_cuda_rng_tracker().get_states()

        # Set the states to what it used to be before the forward pass.
        torch.set_rng_state(ctx.fwd_cpu_rng_state)
        _set_cuda_rng_state(ctx.fwd_cuda_rng_state)
        get_cuda_rng_tracker().set_states(ctx.fwd_cuda_rng_state_tracker)

        # Compute the forward pass.
        detached_inputs = detach_variable(inputs)
        with torch.enable_grad():
            outputs = ctx.run_function(*detached_inputs)

        # Set the states back to what it was at the start of this function.
        torch.set_rng_state(bwd_cpu_rng_state)
        _set_cuda_rng_state(bwd_cuda_rng_state)
        get_cuda_rng_tracker().set_states(bwd_cuda_rng_state_tracker)

        if isinstance(outputs, torch.Tensor):
            outputs = (outputs,)

        # filter out non tensor outputs for backward pass
        outputs, args = zip(
            *filter(lambda x: torch.is_tensor(x[0]), zip(outputs, args))
        )
        torch.autograd.backward(outputs, args)
        grads = tuple(
            inp.grad if isinstance(inp, torch.Tensor) else inp
            for inp in detached_inputs
        )
        return (None, None) + grads


def checkpoint(function, distribute_saved_activations, *args):
    """Checkpoint a model or part of the model.

    This has been directly copied from torch.utils.checkpoint.
    """
    return CheckpointFunction.apply(function, distribute_saved_activations, *args)


def _initialize_affine_weight_gpu(
    weight,
    init_method,
    partition_dim,
    stride=1,
):
    """Initialize affine weight for model parallel on GPU."""
    set_tensor_model_parallel_attributes(
        tensor=weight, is_parallel=True, dim=partition_dim, stride=stride
    )
    init_method(weight)


def _initialize_affine_weight_cpu(
    weight,
    output_size,
    input_size,
    per_partition_size,
    partition_dim,
    init_method,
    stride=1,
    return_master_weight=False,
    *,
    params_dtype=torch.float32,
):
    """Initialize affine weight for model parallel.

    Build the master weight on all processes and scatter the relevant
    chunk.
    """

    set_tensor_model_parallel_attributes(
        tensor=weight, is_parallel=True, dim=partition_dim, stride=stride
    )

    # Initialize master weight
    master_weight = torch.empty(
        output_size, input_size, dtype=torch.float, requires_grad=False
    )
    init_method(master_weight)
    master_weight = master_weight.to(dtype=params_dtype)

    # Split and copy
    per_partition_per_stride_size = divide(per_partition_size, stride)
    weight_list = torch.split(
        master_weight, per_partition_per_stride_size, dim=partition_dim
    )
    rank = constants.tensor_parallel_rank()
    world_size = constants.tensor_parallel_world_size()
    my_weight_list = weight_list[rank::world_size]

    with torch.no_grad():
        torch.cat(my_weight_list, dim=partition_dim, out=weight)
    if return_master_weight:
        return master_weight
    return None
